Saffron was first discovered in Greece before being cultivated and used in the Middle East.
In ancient Egypt, saffron was used to heal the ailments and pains of the population. It was also considered an aphrodisiac that Cleopatra poured into her bath. The medicinal effects of this flower subsequently became a tradition in several Asian countries. It was used to treat respiratory infections (coughs, colds, asthma) but also to combat stress and indigestion. Today, this "red gold" is still used for its medicinal and healing properties.
This bright red flower grows in well-drained, slightly moist or even arid soil. It prefers sunny locations and does not tolerate shade well. Storms and rain reduce the quality of the crop. The main producers of saffron are Greece, Morocco, and several Middle Eastern countries, but Iran is by far the dominant player in the saffron market, as it is a spice widely used in Persian cuisine. Other European countries such as France and Spain have also decided to cultivate this "red gold."