Composition and main active compounds of turmeric
Beyond its vibrant color and distinctive taste, turmeric has a chemical composition rich in active compounds.
- Curcumin: This is the most active compound in turmeric and is responsible for most of its health benefits. Curcumin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer properties.
- Curcuminoids: these are the main pigments in turmeric. They are responsible for its bright yellow color and also contribute to its health benefits.
- Essential oils: Turmeric contains essential oils, including turmerone, curlone, and zingiberene, which give this spice its characteristic aroma and flavor.
- Other compounds: Turmeric also contains carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins (C, B1, B2, B3, B9), and minerals (iron, potassium, calcium, magnesium).