Saffron was first discovered in Greek regions before being cultivated and exploited in turn in the Middle East.
In ancient Egypt, saffron was used to treat the ailments and pains of the population. It was also considered an aphrodisiac, and Cleopatra herself added it to her bath. The medicinal effects of this flower subsequently became a tradition in several Asian countries. It was used to treat respiratory infections (coughs, colds, asthma) as well as to combat stress and indigestion. Today, this "red gold" is still used for its medicinal and healing benefits.
This bright red flower thrives in well-drained, dry, even arid soils. It prefers sunny locations and does not tolerate shade well. Storms and rain reduce the quality of the harvest. The main saffron producers are Greece, Morocco, and several Middle Eastern countries, but Iran dominates the saffron market by far, as it is a spice widely used in Persian cuisine. Other European countries, such as France and Spain, have also decided to cultivate this "red gold."